The United Nations Security Council has demanded an immediate ceasefire between Israel and Palestinian militants Hamas and the immediate and unconditional release of all hostages after the United States abstained from the vote.

Following the vote, Netanyahu cancelled a visit to Washington DC by a high-level delegation that was due to discuss a planned Israeli military operation in the southern Gaza city of Rafah, where about 1.5 million Palestinians have sought shelter.

The US was perplexed by Israel’s decision and considered it an overreaction, said a US official, speaking on condition of anonymity.

The remaining 14 council members voted for the resolution, which was proposed by the 10 elected members of the body.

There was a round of applause in the council chamber after the vote.

“This resolution must be implemented. Failure would be unforgivable,” The UN posted on social media.

Tweet from @UN

Israeli Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu said the failure of the US to veto the resolution was a “clear retreat” from its previous position and would hurt Israel’s war efforts and bid to release more than 130 hostages still held by Hamas.

“Our vote does not, and I repeat that does not represent a shift in our policy,” White House spokesman John Kirby told reporters.

“Nothing has changed about our policy. Nothing.”

The US has been averse to the word ceasefire earlier in the nearly six-month-old war in the Gaza Strip and had used its veto power to shield its ally as it retaliated against Hamas for an October 7 attack that Israel says killed 1200 people.

But as famine looms in Gaza and amid growing global pressure for a truce in the war that Palestinian health authorities say has killed 32,000 people, the US abstained on Monday to allow the Security Council to demand an immediate ceasefire for the Muslim fasting month of Ramadan, which ends in two weeks.

United States Ambassador Linda Thomas-Greenfield speaks after a resolution calling for an immediate ceasefire in Gaza was passed. Photo: AAP

“It was the Hamas massacre that started this war,” Israel’s UN ambassador Gilad Erdan said.

“The resolution just voted upon makes it seem as if the war started by itself … Israel did not start this war, nor did Israel want this war.”

Hamas welcomed the Security Council resolution, saying in a statement that it “affirms readiness to engage in immediate prisoner swaps on both sides”.

US ambassador to the UN Linda Thomas-Greenfield said the U.S. fully supported “some of the critical objectives in this non-binding resolution” but added that the US did not agree with everything in the text, which also did not condemn Hamas.

China’s UN ambassador Zhang Jun said Security Council resolutions are binding.

“For the millions of people in Gaza, who remain mired in an unprecedented humanitarian catastrophe, this resolution – if fully and effectively implemented – could still bring long awaited hope,” he told the council.

Deputy UN spokesperson Farhan Haq said Security Council resolutions are international law “so to that extent they are as binding as international law is.”

However, ultimately if there is no ceasefire in Gaza, it is unlikely the Security Council will take any further action.

The resolution also demands the immediate and unconditional release of all hostages.

Israel says Hamas took 253 hostages during its October 7 attack.

“We believe it was important for the council to speak out and make clear that any ceasefire must come with the release of all hostages,” Thomas-Greenfield told the council.

“A ceasefire can begin immediately with the release of the first hostage and so we must put pressure on Hamas to do just that.”

The resolution also “emphasises the urgent need to expand the flow of humanitarian assistance to and reinforce the protection of civilians in the entire Gaza Strip and reiterates its demand for the lifting of all barriers to the provision of humanitarian assistance at scale”.

Guterres urged Israel on Monday to lift all obstacles to aid into Gaza and allow convoys of the UN Palestinian refugee agency UNRWA into the north of the coastal enclave.

—AAP