Rescue workers in Nepal have begun digging through the rubble of collapsed houses with their bare hands, searching for survivors after the country’s worst earthquake in eight years killed 157 people and shook buildings as far away as New Delhi.

The quake struck the Jajarkot region in the west of the Himalayan country at 11.47pm on Friday with a 6.4 magnitude, Nepal’s National Seismological Centre said.

The German Research Centre for Geosciences measured it at 5.7 and the US Geological Survey at 5.6.

Officials fear the death toll could rise as first responders had reached the hilly area near the epicentre, 500km west of the capital Kathmandu, only early on Saturday and began searching for survivors.

“The number of injured could be in the hundreds and the deaths could go up as well,” Jajarkot district official Harish Chandra Sharma told Reuters by phone.

Although the quake’s magnitude was not severe, the damage and the death toll are high due to the poor quality of construction in the area and because it struck while people slept, officials said.

Rescue work was expected to be slow as emergency teams must first clear roads blocked by landslides in many places, they said, adding that helicopters and small planes have been asked to be ready to join the effort.

The quake is the deadliest since 2015 when about 9000 people were killed in two earthquakes.

Whole towns, centuries-old temples and other historical sites were reduced to rubble then, with more than a million houses destroyed, at a cost to the economy of $US6 billion ($A9.2 billion).

The death toll from Friday’s earthquake included 105 people killed in Jajarkot and 52 in neighbouring Rukum West district, both in Karnali province, Rama Acharya, an official in the disaster department of the federal home ministry, told Reuters.

The epicentre was in the village of Ramidanda.

The National Seismological Centre said 175 aftershocks were recorded in Jajarkot and six of them were of magnitude 4 or higher.

Three towns and three villages were known to be affected in Jajarkot, which has a population of 190,000 with villages scattered in remote hills, authorities said.

At least 85 people were injured in Rukum West and 55 in Jajarkot, an official in the prime minister’s office said.

“Many houses have collapsed, many others have developed cracks. Thousands of residents spent the entire night in cold, open grounds because they were too scared to go in into the cracked houses as aftershocks struck,” Sharma said.

“I have myself not been able to go in.”

Local TV channels showed rescuers digging through the rubble with their bare hands looking for survivors in the debris of collapsed houses.

Injured people were shown being carried to a rescue helicopter to move them to hospitals.

Prime Minister Pushpa Kamal Dahal flew to the area early on Saturday with a 16-member army medical team to oversee search, rescue and relief, his office said.

His office appealed to political parties, social workers and the public to donate funds to help arrange food, water, clothes and tents for the survivors.

Deputy Prime Minister Narayan Kaji Shrestha said India and China have offered to help in search and rescue operations.

“We have told them that we are carrying out preliminary search, rescue and relief operation now. We will request you for any help if required later,” he told Reuters.

Local media footage showed crumbled facades of multi-storied brick houses, with large pieces of furniture scattered.

Videos on X showed people running into the street as some buildings were evacuated.

The tremors were felt in New Delhi, about 600km away, and other parts of north India, shaking buildings and forcing people to run into the street late in the night.

Indian Prime Minister Narendra Modi said he was deeply saddened by the loss of lives and damage in Nepal.

“India stands in solidarity with the people of Nepal and is ready to extend all possible assistance. Our thoughts are with the bereaved families and we wish the injured a quick recovery,” he posted on X.

—AAP